Bodrum |From Izmir Airport To Bodrum Transfer
Bodrum is a port city in the Aegean Region of Muğla province. The city was called Caria Halicarnassus in its old times and the Mausolus Mausoleum, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is located here. Bodrum Castle, which was built by the Knights Hospital in the 15th century, contains an archeology museum and many historical remains.
What is the difference between Bodrum and Izmir Airport?
The distance between Izmir Airport and Bodrum Center is 223 km.
In classical antiquity, Bodrum was known as Halicarnassus, an important city in ancient Caria. Halicarnassus was an ancient Greek city founded in the modern Bodrum region in Turkey. Halicarnassus was founded by Dorian Greeks and was led by Medusa, Athena, and Poseidon. It takes place in the date when the inhabitants adopted Antes, son of Poseidon, as their legendary founder, as noted by Strabo, and were proud of the title Antheadae. The name Caria for Halicarnassus is tentatively identified with Alosδkarnosδ in the inscriptions.
Historians have little evidence of the founding of mainland Bodrum. The first known mention comes from the 7th century BC. Halicarnassus was one of six members of the Hexapolis Dorian Confederation, along with the mainland city of Cnidos, the island of Cos, and three cities on Rhodes.
Building these cities was not an easy task, as the Dorians were not the first people to inhabit this area. They had to fend off the constant attacks of the fierce Carian natives. Homer spoke of the Carians in the Iliad, calling them "speech barbarism" (as incidental linguists have noted that the dialect of the Halicarnassus region currently has the harshest dialect in Turkey). Early historians taught the Carians, the Greeks, to use the handles on the shields and crests on the helmets that had previously hung over the shoulder.
In the early period, Doric was a member of the Hexapolis, which included Halicarnassus, Kos, Cnidus, Lindos, Kameiros, and Ialysus; However, one of his compatriots, Agasicles, was kicked out of the league when he took home the revenge tripod he had won at the Triopian games, rather than dedicating it specifically to the Triopian Apollo. At the beginning of the 5th century, Halicarnassus was under Artemisia I of Caria, who made herself famous as a naval commander at the battle of Salamis. Little is known of his son and successor, Pisindalis; but Lygdamis, the tyrant of Halicarnassus, took the next power, notorious for killing the poet Panyasis and causing Herodotus, probably the best known, of Halicarnassus to abandon his own city. (457 BC)
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The city later fell under Persian rule. Under the Persians, it was the capital of Caria, which for many years formed its hinterland and was its main port. Its strategic location ensures that the city has the autonomy of saving value. It reflects the historical richness of the archive remnants of the Bodrum Underwater Archeology Museum, such as the recently discovered Salmakis (Kaplankalesi) Inscription.
Salmacis tap water is said to have relaxing properties. While drinking water was excellent, water had the effect of making men feminine and soft. These claims gave rise to the myth of the Hermaphrodite.
It is said that the young son of the Goddess of Beauty (Aphrodite) spent a day swimming in a lake formed by a fountain. The nymph of Lake Salmacis fell in love with her and begged the gods and goddesses to let them live together in one body. They fulfilled her wish by creating a half-woman-half-male figure of the hermaphrodite.
Mausolus Halicarnassus' reign was a fairly small city, but Mausolus had a flair for ambitious projects and recognized the region's natural advantages for trade and enrichment. He transferred his capital from Mylasa (today's Milas region) and built tall huge walls around Halicarnassus, some of which still stand today.
He forcibly relocated residents of six other nearby cities to fill in the massive new land. To pay for these and other large-scale projects, Mausolus taxed his subjects heavily, and also placed a tax on hair longer than shoulder-length. One of his projects, the Ancient Theatre, is the only surviving structure from Classical Age Bodrum.
Located on the southern slope of Göktepe Mountain in the middle of Bodrum, this theater is one of the oldest theaters in Anatolia. A Turkish team restored it in the 1960s and today the people of Bodrum use the theater for concerts and festivals.
The theater, which leaves 40 cm of space per person, can seat approximately 13,000 people. A short climb towards Göktepe brings one of many rock-cut and ornate tombs. These excavated tombs from Hellenistic and Roman times once held several sarcophagi and buried memorabilia (some of which are on display in the Castle Museum) with the dead.
A kind of souvenir found in several graves were small tear jars. These thimble-sized cups would collect tears from mourning and then be deposited in sarcophagi in the tomb. The more cups a person drank, the more popular he was. Mausolus, his brother II. He died in 353 BC, following Artemisia.
Halicarnassus (Bodrum) never regained its status after Alexander's conquest. The history became less detailed for a while, but BC. In the 3rd century, many warships were built there. Egypt came under the control of Ptolemy. With the Roman conquest of 190 BC, Halicarnassus became a truly free city. This independence lasted until 129.
By 400 AD, with the rise of Christianity and the fall of Rome, Halicarnassus became a Diocese of the Archbishop of Aphrodisias. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Empire prospered with Constantinople (its capital), where Istanbul is now located. This sprawling empire soon included North Africa, Spain, and Italy, but for Bodrum the days of global significance are over. Historians make little note of this until 11 AD, when the Turks captured this area. The Byzantines captured it during the first Crusade in 1096, but the Turks recaptured it within 3 years.
In 1523, Suleiman the Magnificent (the greatest of all Sultans) expelled the Knights from Bodrum.
Towards the end of the 13th century, the area known as Caria became the Menteshe dynasty and was annexed to the Ottoman Empire by Sultan Beyazit in 1392. Meanwhile, the Knights of St. John were destroyed in Smyrna (modern-day Izmir) by the Mongol leader Tamerlane in 1402 and demanded land from the Turkish Sultan Mehmet Çelebi as compensation. It was given to Halicarnassus, where they built a new fort and controlled the town for over a century.
In 1523 Suleiman the Magnificent 'the greatest of the Sultans' expelled the Knights. The Ottoman Empire flourished during Suleiman's 40-year reign, but a long period of decline and internal crisis followed.
In 1770, Bodrum was bombarded by the Russian Navy and was used as a Turkish Naval Base during the Greek revolt of 1824. During World War I, the French warship "Duplex" tried to land and opened fire on Bodrum, but the feisty prevented it. However, the Ottoman Empire lost the Bodrum area to Italy and in 1919 Italian forces occupied the town. The imminent success of the Turkish war of independence drove the Italians out by 1922, and Bodrum finally became what its beautiful surroundings looked like, a place where one could enjoy life and relax.
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